孲𤘅子 - 維基百科，自由嘅百科全書

# 孲𤘅子

### 出自維基百科，自由嘅百科全書

| 有維基人大修緊呢篇文，將會持續 一段時間。 當哩個模出現時，唔該唔好編輯哩篇文住，請睇編輯紀錄（用完或者唔編輯嘅時候，唔該移除哩個模。） 哩個模係為咗避免編輯衝突，編輯完之後唔該移除哩個模，等其他維基人可以繼續編輯篇文。

人嘅孲𤘅

孲𤘅子[1]，亦叫臊孲仔，俗寫蘇蝦，蘇蝦仔，BB（啤啤），書面語係「嬰兒」，係啱啱出世到三四歲嘅人仔。

## [編輯] 啱啱出世個樣

啱啱響阿媽度生出來嘅孲𤘅

一出世嘅孲𤘅膊頭同個臗位窄，肚少少凸，手腳短。佢哋嘅平均重 3.2 kg，可以由 2.7 到 4.6 kg。平均身長35.6–50.8 cm，未足月嘅 B 細啲。孲𤘅嘅頭大。

啱啱出世嘅孲𤘅，個頭佔個成個人好大份。頭蓋骨相對塊面係好大。大人嘅頭骨係佢個身長嘅八份一，孲𤘅就係四份一。啱啱出世嘅孲𤘅嘅頭骨未生埋，呢兩個軟軟哋嘅地方叫腦囟 (fontanelle)。有個鑽石形、大嘅前腦囟，響頭嘅前頂方，同細三角形嘅後腦囟，響頭嘅後面。

有啲啱啱出世嘅孲𤘅，響膊頭、背脊、前臂、耳、塊面度有啲幼細嘅毛毛，叫胎毛（lanugo）。一般胎毛幾星期自己會甩。有啲 BB 出世嗰陣好多頭髮，有啲就冇乜，有啲仲光頭。頭殼有啲瘀，眼有啲腫，遲啲會散。

孲𤘅出世時穿過陰道。頭會變形，拉長咗，幾日到幾星期會變返正常。

層白色嘅 vernix caseosa，啱啱響阿媽度生出來嘅孲𤘅

啱啱出世嗰陣, BB 嘅皮膚程暗藍色，一開始吸氣會變返正常膚色。仲會有層白色嘅嘢，叫 "vernix caseosa"，有抗菌作用。腳仔手會甩皮，仲有胎記。

BB 嘅性器官會紅腫，男 B 嘅 jer jer 又大又紅，個袋袋特大，無論男女 BB 個胸都會大，係由於母體嘅激素做成嘅短暫情況。 男女孲𤘅嘅可乳頭能會出奶，或女 B 由陰道流出血/奶狀嘅液體，兩個情況都係正常嘅，好快會消失。

孲𤘅嘅臍帶係藍白色，臍帶剪咗之後，會留返 2-5cm 喺度，三星期左右，就會乾、變黑、縮細，最後自己甩出嚟。有時醫院幫 B 嘅剪臍帶個位搽藥水防止感染，臍帶睇起黎紫紫哋。

呢啲種種響啱啱出世嘅孲𤘅嘅特徵好快會消失。老少少嘅 BB 個樣好唔同，有人認為老少少嘅𤘅仔 cute 啲，亦有人覺得啱啱出世嘅好醜樣。

## [編輯] 感觀

當 BB 唔瞓覺、唔喊、唔食奶嗰陣，就會乜都睇一餐，閃閃炩嘅就最鍾意

孲𤘅最鍾意俾人摸、掃、抱。抱著搖下搖下、沖暖水涼、按摩通想可以令 BB 喊少啲。佢哋鍾意食手指、啜奶嘴。啜嘢係本能嚟嘅，畀 BB 食奶。

BB 視力一般，只係睇倒眼前 45 cm 嘅嘢。雖然睇得唔遠，夠佢食人奶嗰陣睇倒阿媽個樣。 當 BB 唔瞓覺、唔喊、唔食奶嗰陣，就會乜都睇一餐，呢啲嘢一般係顏色對比大、複雜嘅patterns。BB 最鐘意都係睇人嘅樣。

孲𤘅仲喺阿媽肚裏面已經可以體內發出嘅聲好似阿媽嘅心跳，外面嘅聲好似人聲車聲都聽得倒。胎裏面嘅 B 雖然浸喺佯水度可以聽倒聲。BB 對女聲反應好過男聲，因此可能解悉點解同BB 講嘢嗰陣啲人會提高把聲。人聲，尤其是係阿媽把聲，會令 BB 好舒服。大大聲、爆音會嚇驚佢哋。

BB一出世就對甜、酸、苦、鹹有反應，甜嘅嘢就最鐘意。一出世嗅覺就好發達，喺第一星期，已經可以分辨到呀媽同另一女人啲奶嘅味道。.

## [編輯] 夭折率

夭折率 係孲𤘅仔一歲之前死嘅比率。分兩種：出世頭 27日死叫 neonatal death；第28日之後嘅叫 post-neonatal death。死因包括：缺水、感染、先天畸形、SIDS (Sudden infant death syndrome)。

睇夭折率就知嗰個國家/地區嘅醫療狀況掂唔掂。夭折率顯示倒孲𤘅仔/大肚婆嘅健康狀況、醫療設施夠唔夠、公共醫療政策/制度嘅成敗。越低夭折率就越掂。

## [編輯] 食啲乜，照顧

  主文： Childcare 同 Category:Infant feeding

Feeding is done by breastfeeding or with special industrial milk, "infant formula". As infants age, and their appetites grow, many parents choose from a variety of baby foods to feed the child. Infants have a sucking instinct allowing them to extract the milk from the nipples of the breasts or the nipple of the baby bottle, as well as an instinctive behavior known as rooting with which they seek out the nipple. If the mother is unable to breast feed, or does not want to, infant formula is used. Sometimes a wet nurse is hired to feed the infant.

Breastfeeding provides infants with many natural immune substances and isolates the infant from most bacteria or other contaminants in the local water supply. Infant formula does not provide these immune substances and in places with poor quality water supply, subjects the infant to an increased risk of disease.

Infants are incontinent, therefore diapers are generally used in industrialized countries, while methods similar to elimination communication [1] are common in third world countries. Practitioners of these techniques assert that babies can control their bodily functions at the age of six months and that they are aware when they are urinating at an even earlier age. Babies can learn to signal to the parents when it is time to urinate or defecate by turning or making noises. Parents have to pay attention to the baby's actions so they can learn the signals.

Babies cannot walk, although more mature infants may crawl or scoot; baby transport may be by perambulator (stroller or buggy) or on the back or in front of an adult in a special bag, cloth or cradle board. Infants cry as a form of basic instinctive communication to their parents when in need of feeding or when in discomfort.

As is the case with most other young children, infants are usually treated as special persons. Their social presence is different from that of adults, and they may be the focus of attention. Fees for transportation and entrance fees at locations such as amusement parks or museums are often waived. This special attention will wear out as the years come to pass and the child grows larger.

## [編輯] 睇下

- 細路

## [編輯] 註

1. ↑ 孲𤘅子 [音：nga4 nga1 jai2](聽)

由 "http://zh-yue.wikipedia.org../../../%E5%AD%B2/%F0%A4%98%85/%E5%AD%90/%E5%AD%B2%F0%A4%98%85%E5%AD%90.html" 接收

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